Pressure class and working pressure
The class number is not the working pressure in psi. It is a rating step, and the allowed pressure depends on the material and temperature. For ASTM A105 (ASME B16.5 material group 1.1) between −29 °C and 38 °C, the ratings are:
| Class | Max. working pressure (bar) | Max. working pressure (psig) |
|---|---|---|
| 150 | 19.6 | 285 |
| 300 | 51.1 | 740 |
| 400 | 68.1 | 990 |
| 600 | 102.1 | 1480 |
| 900 | 153.2 | 2220 |
| 1500 | 255.3 | 3705 |
| 2500 | 425.5 | 6170 |
These ratings fall as temperature rises. For a steam or hot oil line, check the ASME B16.5 table at your design temperature. Our flange size and class guide explains the tables and lists Class 150 and 300 dimensions.
A105, LF2 or A694: which grade?
| Grade | Use it for | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| ASTM A105 / A105N | General pressure piping, ambient to elevated temperature | Most common CS flange. A105N is normalized. |
| ASTM A350 LF2 | Low-temperature service | Impact tested at low temperature, used for cold climates, LPG and refrigerated lines |
| ASTM A694 F42 to F65 | High-yield transmission pipelines | Matched to high-strength API 5L line pipe |
| A516 Gr 70 / IS 2062 plate | Low-pressure plate or blind flanges | Not a substitute for forged flanges in pressure service |
Choosing the flange type in carbon steel
Use weld neck flanges for high pressure, temperature swings or vibration, because the tapered hub and butt weld carry stress best. Slip-on flanges are cheaper and easier to fit for moderate service. Socket weld flanges suit small-bore high-pressure lines, and blind flanges close line ends and nozzles.
Where carbon steel flanges are used
- Refineries, petrochemical and fertilizer plants
- Steam, condensate and boiler feed lines
- Oil, gas and LPG pipelines and skids
- Compressed air and nitrogen headers
- Fire water networks in industrial plants
- Pump and compressor connections
Pipes and fittings to go with CS flanges
| Pipe or fitting | Use it with these flanges when… |
|---|---|
| Carbon steel pipes (A106, A53, API 5L) | you need schedule pipe in a matching CS grade |
| MS seamless pipes | the line is seamless for pressure or temperature |
| Boiler pipes and tubes | the flanges are on steam or boiler lines |
| Heavy wall pipes | you need Sch 160 or XXS walls with high-class flanges |
| Butt-weld elbows, tees and reducers | you need ASME B16.9 fittings for the same line |